Combined gas and steam generator



c. MARlsci-im COMBINED GAS AND STEAM GENERATOR Filed July 3. 1925 -4 Shegts-Sheet l 'Feh i0, i931. c. MARlscHKA 2 3 COMBINED GAS AND STEAM GENERATOR Filed July 3, 1925 A Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb.'10, 1931. r c. MARISCHKA ifi fim COMBINED GAS AND STEAM GENERATOR I Filed July 3, 1925 .4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig.4-

Feb. 10, c MARISQHKA I I COMBINED GAS AND STEAM GENERATOR Filed July 5, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig. 6

Patented Feb. 10, 1931- umrso STATES CARL MAnIscHKA, OFiVIElTQNA, Answers v 1 comamnn GAS nn stream GENERATOR} j. A

Application filed m a, 1925, Serial 1%. 41,266, and mausma and Gama y v5, 1924.

In gas generators provided withsteamproducing jackets, briefly called generatoroilers, it is well known to utilize the heat contained in the gases produced forthe production of steam in the generator itself, by passing these'gases through an outer'heat ing jacket surrounding the boiler and immediatel connected with the generator shaft. onstructions of this kind of generator-boilers are for example disclosed in Austrian Patent No. 52,150; the gas escaping from the generator shafteither passes through heating tubes into the external heating jacket, or in cases where upper and lower boilers are provided the gaspasses in contact with water tubes intov the external heating tubes in order here to deliver a still further amount ofits heat.

These well known constructions however are no longer adapted for use-when difierent gases are produced in one and the same generator in alternating sequence or in intermittent eriods (water gas production), and the problem is to utilize in the generator itself for the production of steam the latent heat of the combustible gases obtained in the first period of the water gas production. This latent heat is only liberated when .a combustion of the gases is brought about by the addition of air. Then the heat liberated in the combustion gases is made use of; the

utilization is eifected, as is well known, in.

such a manner that the blow'gases generated from a water gas generator. in the first period by a hot air blast are passed into a combustion chamber (heat accumulator, super-heater or the like) adjoinin the generator, and there are burned mixe with air, whereupon the hot gases given ofi flow through a boiler to there deliver up their heat for the purpose of producing steam. Also the water gas generated in the second period can in some cases be passed through a combustion chamber serving as aheat-accumulator, wlthout' in this case being-sub ected to combustion, 'asis obvious. The

water gas 'takes'up heatin' the heat-aceumulator, in order to utilize the same for the gen-j eration of steam when subsequentl flowing through the'boiler. If iti's nbt es'ired to pass the water gas through the heat-accu mulator, .the heat stored in the accumulator during the hot blowing can be utilizedduring the gas-generating period by passing combined gas and steam producer is operated in such a manner that notwithstanding the presence of a combustion chamber serving as a heat-storer, and theeorres ponding passage of the hot blow-.gases'and also of the water gas, the greatest possibleutilization ofthe combustible gases contained inthe hot blow gases is assured. Owing to the-omis-J sion of a boiler separated from the generator in a water as installation with utilization of the hot blow gases,;both the costand the floor spacerequired, for. such an installation are considerably reduced, and in addition, abetter thermal efl'ectis ensured. by

the reduction of the heat radiating surfaces.

The invention. is illustrated in. the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows in a diagrammatic elevation the. general arrangement'ofa gas producing plant designed in ac-- cordance with this invention; Figs. 2-and 3' are respectively vertical and horizontal-sectional views of acombinedggas and steam generator; Figsfi and 5 aresimilar views to Figs. 2- and3 showing a-modified gas and steam generator. Figs. 6 and 7 are also similar views to"Figs. 2 and 3 showing a further modification. V

Thegas generator, of any desired form of construction, and having a steam-generating into the heating jacket chamber is possible.

A connection is however rovided betweenthe chambers a and b msuc azmanner that at the top andat the bottom ofthe shaft chamber a a combustion chamber'g is'connected therewith by the pipes e andby means of the connection 7, the saidcombustion' chamber 9 being formed asa heat-storer, superheater and the like, and beingconnected'throughthe 1pipe h by m'eans'offthe connection-riwitlrthe eating jacket. 6 The pipes (rand- 71; are-also directly connected'with one another in:a-man-- ner cutting out the combustion chamber g. The cut-ofi' devicesz' provided in bothpipesmake the different connections feasible. At the part of the pipe leading.- under thegrid a safety valve 12 is arranged. Fromthe heating jacket b thecooled combustion gases pass through the connections jintoa pipe or conduit 70 having two branches and provided'w-ith cut-off devices 2', one branch of the pipe leading to the cooler, washer and gas container,

and the other branch terminating undert-he chimney. The blast pipe e provided with cut-off devices-z" and connccted to a fan (not shown) serves\f0r the introductionof theblast at the bottom ofthe generator shaft when hot blowing'andior the-pur ose'of. ef-

fecting the combustion. of thehot low gasesin the heat-storer g; The steam escapingfrom the steam chamber of the generator boiler is passed. directlyintothe generator shaft at the top or atv the bottom through the pipen for the purpose of: generating watergas, or it is first passed by means of the pipes n through the combustioncham-ber 9, where the steam is su 'erheatecl. The desired va' pour pathsare o tained by appropriately ad justin'g the cut-off devices 772/ provided in-tlie steam pipes n, n.' All or only part ofthe.

steam produced by the apparatusmay be used to make water gas. Ordinarily,.however,less than one-half of the total amount of-steam. produced is used for making water gas and:

the remainder-is used for other urposes. The air coming from the white heat. The combustible-hot blow gases produced in this first period in the shaftescape through the ipe e connected'to thegmerator roof, and y appropriateadjustment of the valve '5 can be passed: into the heating an. is forced through the pipe e under? the. grid and through the incandescent fuel in the shaft" chamber, the said fuel thereby brought to a In case the gases are passed combustionchamber E7 is not employed during the first period 0' the water gas production (with appropriate adjustment of the cut-off devices) the gas coming from the shaft chamber through the ipes e and h and flowing into the heating'jac 'et b onlyv deliver their sensible heat to the said heating jacket.

By. appropriate adjustment of the cut-off devices m in the steam pipe at, the steam can lie-passed during the second period into the hot blown fuelv both from below through the gridland from above from the generator roof. \Vhen gas is produced at the bottom, the water gas is passed from the shaft chamber throughthe pipe e connected to the generator roof, and, when gas is produced at the top, t-hroughrthe pipe e connected below the grid.

The water gas may now be passed into the jacket I) in either of the two ways of the blow gases of the first period, i. e.,through the pipe connections (I, or by a. circuitous path by way of the combustion chamber g. In this case naturally no air must be'introd'uced into the combustion chamber. The water gas in the chamber 9 absorbs the heat stored in' the first period transmitting it through the pipe h tothe heating jacket 6. In the latter I) only the sensible heat is taken-up from the water gas, which heat is naturally greater when the water gas passes through the combustion' chamber g; If the water gas is not passed through chamber g,.the heat stored in the first period can then be utilized in the second period, in such av manner that the steam'necessary for the water gas generation and coming-from the steam generating chamber of the generator is passed, by an appropriate ad'ustment' of the valve m, through the chem er 9 before its introduction into theshaft chamber a of the generator, and is superheatedin the said chamber 9,. The operationiof the first period requires as a rule from 1 to 2 minutes and that of the second period from ate 6 minutes.

For taking up the heat which is introduced intothe heating jacket I) either with the combustion gases coming from the combustion chamber 9 (Fig 1.) or with the operating gases (water gas), an appropriately large heating surface can be provided'within heatingjacket b. In the combined gas and steam generatorshown in; Figs. 2 and 3 tubes r are for'this purpose provided within the chamber enclosed by the heating jacket I), the bent ends of which tubes lead at different levels into a chamber not the generator filled with water. --The tubes arranged in this case vertically can also have a sloping position or they can be arranged in the form of. spirals, in which case the inlet openings of the bent pipe ends are not disposed vertically over one another but (contrary to the illustration) are located. in two different vertical. planes.

By this arrangement also the total heating surfaces can be increased, wlth the same number of tubes and. with the tubes having the same diameters.

In the modification shown in Figs. 4: and 5' vertically arranged straight tubes 8 are provided in the jacket 6 the ends of which tubes are set in ring shaped bases 0, which are arranged around the part of the chamber 0 filled with water, and being of a smaller diameter so as to allow the arrangement of said. bases, which out 01? the upper and lower wider parts of the chamber 0.

The combustion chamber 9 (heat-storer, superheater, or the like) shown in Fig. 1 can be combined with the gas and steam generator according to the present invention. In that case, a lattice work or screen p of fire roof material can be provided as shown in and 7 within the chamber surrounded by the tubes disposed entirely within said heating chamber and connected at their ends with said boiler chamber.

3. In a combined steam and. water gas generator, a generator shaft, a boiler chamber surrounding said generator shaft, a heating jacket surrounding said boiler chamber, the outside wall of said boiler chamber being stepped inwardly within said heating cham- .ber, and tubes disposed within said heating CARL MARISCHKA.

jacket b. The jacket then constitutes at the same time the combustion chamber, the pipes for combustion air and steam being assumed to be connected to the said jacket b; the gas obtained in the first stage of the process, 1n-' stead of being-burnt in a special combustion chamber 9 asabove described gig. 1) is now burnt within jacket 6 and the eat storerarranged in the jacket chamber gives off the stored heat by radiation to the chamber 0 in the second stage of the process. The heatstorer can in this case, too, be utilized in the. second stage of the process for the purpose of drying'and superheating the steam necessary for the gas production by passing the steam through the jacket.

What I claim is:

1. A combined steam and water gas generator comprising a gas generator shaft, a boiler cham er encloslng a portion of said shaft, a jacket forming a heating chamber enclosing a portion of said boiler chamber, a combined combustion chamber and heat storer, pipe connections from the top of said generator shaft to said combustion chamber and to said heating chamber and to the bottom of said generator shaft and from said combustion chamber to said heatin chamber, valves for controlling the flow 0 gases through said pipe connections so that gases from the generator shaft may be directed through the combustion chamber and thence into the heating chamber or directly from the generator shaft into the heating chamber, valve controlled pipes for supplying an air blast either to said generator shaft or to said combustion chamber, valve controlled pipe connections for directing steam from said boiler either directly into the to generator shaft or rom the boiler first into the combustion chamber and thence to either the top or the bottom of said generator shaft, and an outlet from said heating chamber.

2. In a combined steam and water gas generator, a generator shaft, a boiler chamber surrounding said generator shaft, a heating jacket surrounding said boiler chamber, and

or the bottom of said. 

